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자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
홍지수 (서울대학교)
저널정보
한국서양사연구회 서양사연구 서양사연구 제55호
발행연도
2016.1
수록면
231 - 263 (33page)

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This thesis examines the changing nature of Soviet Gulag in the mid-1930s, focusing on the White Sea-Baltic Combine, one of the earliest and best-known corrective labor camps in the Stalin. Historians studying Gulag have pointed out that these camps, which grew rapidly during the 1930s, served as an instrument of oppression and punishment. Corrective labor camps, they claims, were repressive and corrective in nature. This widely accepted perspective, however, portrays the camps as monolithic institutions. On the contrary, camps evolved over time, particularly in the mid-1930s when they put emphasis more on labor and less on re-education. This new emphasis mirrored a greater socioeconomic change of the mid-1930s, when an impulse for industrialization swept the whole country. In the camps, the industrial impulse was evident in daily life, which demanded inmates to become agents of productivity. To illuminate this change, this thesis scrutinizes the Gulag newspapers published in 1935-36 at the White Sea-Baltic Combine. The Gulag newspapers, circulated only within the camp, illustrated inmates foremost as laborers. Articles written by inmates betrayed a perspective that highlighted the camp primarily as an economic institution striving for higher labor productivity. It also drew on resources from the Stakhanovite movement to refashion the camp as a laboratory of productivity. The Gulag newspapers often lauded the productive inmates as the Stakhanovites and reported in detail about their achievement. In this light, this thesis demonstrates the ways in which corrective labor camps evolved into a unique organization that prioritized productivity, not re-education.

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