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논문 기본 정보

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학술저널
저자정보
Abraish Ali (Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan) Aliha Iftikhar (Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan) Muzainah Tabassum (Department of Medicine, Jinnah Sindh Medical University, Karachi, Pakistan) Rayaan Imran (Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan) Muhammad Usama Shaid (Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan) Mahnoor Rehan Hashmi (Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan) Muhammad Saad (Department of Medicine, Ameer-ud-Din Medical College, Lahore, Pakistan) Mahnoor Humayun (Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan) Sidra Imtiaz (Department of Medicine, Karachi Medical and Dental College, Karachi, Pakistan) Eesha Baig (Department of Medicine, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan)
저널정보
대한폐경학회 대한폐경학회지 Journal of Menopausal Medicine Vol.30 No.2
발행연도
2024.8
수록면
88 - 103 (16page)
DOI
10.6118/jmm.23037

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초록· 키워드

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Objectives: Postmenopausal females often experience genitourinary symptoms like vulvovaginal dryness due to estrogen decline. Hormone replacement therapy is effective in alleviating vaginal atrophy and genitourinary syndrome in this population. Evaluate local estrogen’s safety and effectiveness for alleviating postmenopausal vaginal symptoms, including endometrial thickness, dyspareunia, vaginal pH, and dryness. Methods: We searched Google Scholar, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrial.Gov, PubMed, and ScienceDirect databases until July 2023. All randomized controlled trials (RCTs) linking intravaginal estrogen supplementation to vaginal atrophy or vaginitis were included. The risk of bias was evaluated with RoB 2, and publication bias was assessed using Egger and Beggs analysis. Results: All evidence pertains to females. Eighteen studies (n = 4,723) compared estrogen with placebo. Patients using estrogen showed a significant increase in superficial cells (mean differences [MD]: 19.28; 95% confidence intervals [CI]: 13.40 to 25.16; I2 = 90%; P < 0.00001) and a decrease in parabasal cells (MD: –24.85; 95% CI: –32.96 to –16.73; I2 = 92%; P < 0.00001). Vaginal pH and dyspareunia significantly reduced in estrogen users (MD: –0.94; 95% CI: –1.05 to –0.84; I2 = 96%) and (MD: –0.52; 95% CI: –0.63 to –0.41; I2 = 99%), respectively. Estrogen did not significantly affect vaginal dryness (MD: –0.04; 95% CI: –0.18 to 0.11; I2 = 88%). Adverse events like vulvovaginal pruritis, mycotic infection, and urinary tract infection were reported, but the association was insignificant (risk ratio: 0.95; 95% CI: 0.88 to 1.02; I2 = 0%). Conclusions: Our meta-analysis of 18 RCTs suggests promising potential for intravaginal estrogen therapy in alleviating vaginal atrophy and vaginitis in postmenopausal females.

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