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논문 기본 정보

자료유형
학술저널
저자정보
정태겸 (경희대학교) 김현태 (대원대학교)
저널정보
대한체육학회 대한스포츠융합학회지 대한스포츠융합학회지 제20권 제2호 KCI Accredited Journals
발행연도
2022.11
수록면
199 - 213 (15page)

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The purpose of this study was to provide primary data for improving the future direction of non-face-to-face classes by analyzing differences in learning presence, immersion, and satisfaction according to the characteristics of learners participating in physical education as liberal arts in universities. The data was gathered on Google Forms from 630 students, ranging from first-year students to fourth-year students, enrolled in universities in the metropolitan area. The validity and reliability of the measurement tool were verified through the exploratory factor analysis and reliability analysis. The t-test and one-way Anova were conducted for the analysis of differences between groups, and the Scheffe method was used for post-hoc analysis. As a result, for gender-based social presence, males reported higher numbers than females, while for cognitive immersion, females reported higher numbers than males. As for the differences identified by the grades, there were differences in social presence, and first-year students reported higher figures than third-year students. For the differences identified by non-face-to-face class medium, laptops were higher than smartphones in cognitive immersion, and desktops were higher than smartphones in learning satisfaction. Regarding learning presence, learning immersion, and learning satisfaction according to the types of non-face-to-face classes, learning presence reported differences in cognitive presence and social presence. Pre-recorded video lectures reported higher figures than real-time video lectures regarding cognitive presence, and real-time video lectures were identified to have higher figures than pre-recorded video lectures for social presence.

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