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Study on the Inheritance and Transformation of the Goryeo Tradition in the Illustrations of the Sixteen Contemplations of the Amitayurdhyana Sutra of the Early Joseon Dynasty -with the Focus on the Concept of Rebirth in the Pure Land-
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조선전기 관경십육관변상도에 보이는 고려 전통의 계승과 변용-정토인식과 왕생관의 변화를 통해-

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Type
Academic journal
Author
Journal
국립문화유산연구원 헤리티지:역사와 과학 문화재 제51권 제1호 KCI Accredited Journals
Published
2018.1
Pages
126 - 147 (22page)

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Study on the Inheritance and Transformation of the Goryeo Tradition in the Illustrations of the Sixteen Contemplations of the Amitayurdhyana Sutra of the Early Joseon Dynasty -with the Focus on the Concept of Rebirth in the Pure Land-
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The compositions and iconographies of the three Illustrations of the Sixteen Contemplations produced in the early Joseon Dynasty effectively manifest the transitional period of Joseon society as well as the Joseon people’s perception of the Pure Land. In particular, the painting at titled Chionji (知恩寺) dated 1435 and another painting at titled Chion’ in (知恩院) from 1465, which were commissioned by the Joseon royal family and high-ranking monk, embody the Pure Land faith of the Tiantai School of Buddhism (天台宗) which thrived during the late Goryeo period. This indicates that the Joseon royal court continued to favor the Pure Land faith that emphasized salvation through “self-power” (自力), which was popular among both the royal family and the nobility of Goryeo. On the other hand, in the painting at titled Hōrinji (法輪寺), which is presumed to have been made in the sixteenth century, the compositions and iconographies shown in late Goryeo examples of the Illustrations of the Sixteen Contemplations are disassembled. Moreover, a new iconographical motif, i.e. “welcoming the dragon boat” (龍船接引), emerged with this painting. This motif symbolizes the idea that the souls of the deceased are guided by Amitabha Buddha to rebirth in the Pure Land of Extreme Bliss, which is based on the “other-power” of the Pure Land faith that emphasizes the power of Amitabha Buddha in attaining salvation rather than the educational “self-power” of the Pure Land faith. The emergence of this motif demonstrates the transformation of the Pure Land belief into a faith that relied on the “other-power” of Amitabha in Joseon’s Confucian society.

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