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This study examined recognition, experience, and demand of 118 daycare center teachers regarding mental health of infants and toddlers. Findings are as follows: 1) biggest problem behaviors experienced by the teachers included aggressive behaviors, anxiety/depression and relationship problems in the order of significance for children aged one year, aggressive behaviors and attention problems for children aged two and four years, aggressive behaviors and language developmental delay for children three years, attention problems and aggressive behaviors for children aged five years, attention problems and anxiety/depression, and peer relation problems for children aged six years; 2) for children with autism spectrum disorders, the teachers reported as mental health problems developmental delay and vision formation for children aged two years, developmental delay for children aged three years, and hyperactivity and social problems for children aged four years; 3) the teachers favored the method of ordering and strict teaching for all children with internalization or externalization problem behaviors and developmental delay; 4) 85.6% of the teachers consulted with parents of children showing problem behaviors and the biggest difficulties that they had in the parental counseling were that the parents thought their children had no problems and that the problems reported by them did not appear at home of the children; 5) regarding problem behaviors of children, the teachers mostly consulted with senior teachers or directors of their centers and they responded they felt good and comforted since their difficulties had been understood (19.1%), there were differences in opinions about children (15.0%), and they underwent trials and errors or had reverse effects when teaching children as they had been advised (15.0%); and 6) they needed counseling and advice from child counseling organizations or professional child counselors affiliated with daycare centers for taking care of children with problem behaviors.
본 연구는 국공립 어린이집 보육교사 118명을 대상으로, 보육교사가 보고하는 영유아 정신건강 문제행동 및 지도방법을 살펴보고자 하였다. 연구결과, 첫째, 보육교사가 경험한 영유아의 정신건강 문제행동 유형으로는 만 1세는 공격행동, 불안/우울과 관계문제, 만 2세와 만 4세는 공격행동, 주의집중문제, 만 3세는 공격행동, 언어지연, 만 5세 주의집중문제, 공격행동, 만 6세 주의집중문제, 불안/우울 순으로 높게 나타났다. 둘째, 영유아 정신건강 문제유형 중 자폐스펙트럼장애 영유아에 대해 보육교사는 만 2세는 발달지연, 비전형성, 만 3세는 발달지연, 만 4세는 과잉행동, 사회성이 문제라고 보고하였다. 셋째, 보육교사는 내면화 문제행동, 외현화 문제행동, 발달지연 영유아 모두에게 ‘지시하기/단호히 지도하기’ 지도방법을 가장 많이 사용한다고 응답하였다. 넷째, 보육교사가 문제행동 영유아에 대해 부모와 상담하는 경우는 85.6%였고, 부모상담시 어려움을 겪는 이유로는 ‘부모가 유아에 대해 문제가 없다고 여겼다/ 교사가 보고한 문제 행동이 가정에서는 나타나지 않는다’가 가장 높은 응답율을 보였다. 다섯째, 보육교사는 영유아의 문제행동과 관련하여 ‘선임 보육교사 및 원장’에게 상담하는 경우가 가장 많았고, ‘교사의 상황을 공감해 주고 위로받을 수 있어서 좋았으나(19.1%) 해당 영유아에 대한 견해차가 있거나(15.0%) 조언 받은 대로 지도하면서 여러 번 시행착오를 겪어야했거나 역효과가 있었다(15.0%)’고 답하였다. 여섯째, 문제행동을 지닌 영유아의 지도방법을 위해, ‘아동상담기관’, ‘보육기관과 연계된 영유아 전문 심리상담팀’으로부터 영유아에 대한 상담/조언을 받고 싶다고 응답하였다. 본 연구결과를 토대로 시사점 및 추후 연구를 제안하였다.
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